Biostatistics & Research Methodology
Research design; sampling and data collection; statistical analysis and hypothesis testing; scientific writing and reporting of research.
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Course contents — unit by unit · PCI NEP 2020 BP701T
Unit 1 · Basic Concepts of Biostatistics 9 hrs
The meaning of data and the methods of data collection, preprocessing and presentation; population and sample and the importance of sampling; probability and non-probability sampling methods; and the distinction between descriptive and inferential statistics.
Unit 2 · Descriptive Statistics 9 hrs
The meaning and types of descriptive statistics; measures of central tendency and dispersion; the concept of degrees of freedom; and quartiles, skewness and kurtosis, with their interpretation in pharmaceutical data.
Unit 3 · Inferential Statistics and Hypothesis Testing 9 hrs
Probability distributions and the normal curve; estimation and confidence intervals; the formulation of null and alternative hypotheses, level of significance and errors of the first and second kind; and parametric and non-parametric tests including the t-test, ANOVA and chi-square.
Unit 4 · Research Methodology and Study Design 12 hrs
The research process and the formulation of a research problem and objectives; literature review; types of research and study design including observational, experimental and clinical designs; sample-size determination; and the design of experiments together with the ethical considerations governing research.
Unit 5 · Scientific Writing and Reporting 6 hrs
The structure of a research report and scientific paper; referencing and citation practice; presentation of data through tables and graphs; plagiarism and research integrity; and the communication of findings to scientific and regulatory audiences.
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