PharmacyB.PharmFourth Year SyllabusBiostatistics & Research Methodology
B.Pharm Fourth Year · NEP 2020

Biostatistics & Research Methodology

Research design; sampling and data collection; statistical analysis and hypothesis testing; scientific writing and reporting of research.

PCI code: BP701T Course: B.Pharm Fourth Year · Sem VII Lectures: 45 hours
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Course contents — unit by unit · PCI NEP 2020 BP701T

Unit 1 · Basic Concepts of Biostatistics 9 hrs

The meaning of data and the methods of data collection, preprocessing and presentation; population and sample and the importance of sampling; probability and non-probability sampling methods; and the distinction between descriptive and inferential statistics.

Unit 2 · Descriptive Statistics 9 hrs

The meaning and types of descriptive statistics; measures of central tendency and dispersion; the concept of degrees of freedom; and quartiles, skewness and kurtosis, with their interpretation in pharmaceutical data.

Unit 3 · Inferential Statistics and Hypothesis Testing 9 hrs

Probability distributions and the normal curve; estimation and confidence intervals; the formulation of null and alternative hypotheses, level of significance and errors of the first and second kind; and parametric and non-parametric tests including the t-test, ANOVA and chi-square.

Unit 4 · Research Methodology and Study Design 12 hrs

The research process and the formulation of a research problem and objectives; literature review; types of research and study design including observational, experimental and clinical designs; sample-size determination; and the design of experiments together with the ethical considerations governing research.

Unit 5 · Scientific Writing and Reporting 6 hrs

The structure of a research report and scientific paper; referencing and citation practice; presentation of data through tables and graphs; plagiarism and research integrity; and the communication of findings to scientific and regulatory audiences.

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